Catalyst layers (CLs) are a key component of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells,
where electrochemical reactions occur. The future development of catalysts, catalyst …

The most critical challenge for the large‐scale commercialization of proton exchange
membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), one of the primary hydrogen energy technologies, is to …

The design of a low-platinum (Pt) proton-exchange-membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) can reduce
its high cost. However, the development of a low-Pt PEMFC is severely hindered by the high …

Investigating how the size of carbon support pores influences the three-phase interface of
platinum (Pt) particles in fuel cells is essential for enhancing catalyst utilization. This study …

The three-phase interface comprising the carbon support, ionomer, and Pt nanoparticles
was the main place where the cathode oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) occurred …

Direct borohydride fuel cell (DBFC) has garnered significant interest due to its high energy
density. However, the power density remains insufficient for commercial applications. Lots of …

Classic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to explore the effects of
perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) polymers and water content on the nanostructures of ionomer …

The durability of platinum-based catalysts is often compromised by the dissolution and
detachment of platinum particles during extended operation in proton exchange membrane …

Understanding the mechanisms of oxygen transport resistance of mesoporous carbon
catalysts in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is crucial to improve platinum …

Glaucoma valves (GVs) play an essential role in treating glaucoma. However, fibrosis after
implantation has limited their long-term success in clinical applications. In this study, we …