Methods and apparatus 3 are provided for encoding data for storage in multilevel memory
cells 2 having a cell-levels. Input data words are encoded into respective codewords, each …

A transmitter may include an encoder configured to encode a data bit vector to provide an
codeword that includes a first codeword portion and a second codeword portion; wherein …

Various embodiments of the present invention provide sys tems and methods for min-Sum
based decoding of non-binary LDPC codes. For example, a non-binary low density parity …

Modern coding and modulation techniques have greatly improved the transmission of
signals. A method is described including receiving a stream of data bits, demultiplexing the …

An operating method of a controller includes iterating a first ECC decoding on a codeword
read from a semiconductor memory device according to a first read voltage a predetermined …

An operating method of a controller that includes: when a first ECC decoding on data read
from a semiconductor memory device according to a hard read voltage fails, generating one …

In some embodiments an apparatus includes a first encoder to encode a data word at a first
code distance within a selected bit constellation utilizing a first unequal error protection …

Abstract Systems and methods of providing opportunistic security for physical
communication channels are disclosed. One disclosed method is for opportunistic secure …

US9047213B2 - Coding architecture for multi-level NAND flash memory with stuck cells -
Google Patents US9047213B2 - Coding architecture for multi-level NAND flash memory with …

(57) ABSTRACT A system for decoding data is disclosed. The system includes: an input
interface configured to receive data associated with encoded data; a first decoder configured …