Synthesizing cognitive load and self-regulation theory: A theoretical framework and research agenda

ABH de Bruin, J Roelle, SK Carpenter, M Baars… - Educational Psychology …, 2020 - Springer
An exponential increase in the availability of information over the last two decades has
asked for novel theoretical frameworks to examine how students optimally learn under these …

The role of mental effort in fostering self-regulated learning with problem-solving tasks

T Van Gog, V Hoogerheide, M Van Harsel - Educational Psychology …, 2020 - Springer
Problem-solving tasks form the backbone of STEM (science, technology, engineering, and
mathematics) curricula. Yet, how to improve self-monitoring and self-regulation when …

Perceiving effort as poor learning: The misinterpreted-effort hypothesis of how experienced effort and perceived learning relate to study strategy choice

A Kirk-Johnson, BM Galla, SH Fraundorf - Cognitive psychology, 2019 - Elsevier
How do learners make decisions about how, what, and when to study, and why are their
decisions sometimes ineffective for learning? In three studies, learners experienced a pair of …

An interactive layers model of self-regulated learning and cognitive load

J Wirth, F Stebner, M Trypke, C Schuster… - Educational Psychology …, 2020 - Springer
Abstract Models of self-regulated learning emphasize the active and intentional role of
learners and, thereby, focus mainly on conscious processes in working memory and long …

The relation between students' effort and monitoring judgments during learning: A meta-analysis

M Baars, L Wijnia, A de Bruin, F Paas - Educational Psychology Review, 2020 - Springer
Research has shown a bi-directional association between the (perceived) amount of
invested effort to learn or retrieve information (eg, time, mental effort) and metacognitive …

How does cognitive load interact with self-regulated learning? A dynamic and integrative model

T Wang, SP Lajoie - Educational Psychology Review, 2023 - Springer
Although cognitive load (CL) and self-regulated learning (SRL) have been widely
recognized as two determinant factors of students' performance, the integration of these two …

Looking at mental effort appraisals through a metacognitive lens: Are they biased?

K Scheiter, R Ackerman, V Hoogerheide - Educational Psychology Review, 2020 - Springer
A central factor in research guided by the Cognitive Load Theory (CLT) is the mental effort
people invest in performing a task. Mental effort is commonly assessed by asking people to …

Processing fluency in education: How metacognitive feelings shape learning, belief formation, and affect

R Reber, R Greifeneder - Educational Psychologist, 2017 - Taylor & Francis
Processing fluency—the experienced ease with which a mental operation is performed—
has attracted little attention in educational psychology, despite its relevance. The present …

Growing out of the experience: How subjective experiences of effort and learning influence the use of interleaved practice

E Onan, W Wiradhany, F Biwer, EM Janssen… - Educational Psychology …, 2022 - Springer
In higher education, many students make poor learning strategy decisions. This, in part,
results from the counterintuitive nature of effective learning strategies: they enhance long …

Do drawing tasks improve monitoring and control during learning from text?

K Schleinschok, A Eitel, K Scheiter - Learning and Instruction, 2017 - Elsevier
In two experiments it was investigated how drawing as a monitoring task affects self-
regulated learning and cognitive load. To this end, participants (Exp. 1: N= 73, Exp. 2: N …