Giardia duodenalis captured the attention of Leeuwenhoek in 1681 while he was examining
his own diarrheal stool, but, ironically, it did not really gain attention as a human pathogen …

Understanding the evolution of eukaryotic cellular complexity is one of the grand challenges
of modern biology. It has now been firmly established that mitochondria and plastids, the …

Major insights into the phylogenetic distribution, biochemistry, and evolutionary significance
of organelles involved in ATP synthesis (energy metabolism) in eukaryotes that thrive in …

During evolution, there have been several major changes in the way that genetic information
is organized and transmitted from one generation to the next. These transitions include the …

Ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences have been aligned and compared in a number of living
organisms, and this approach has provided a wealth of information about phylogenetic …

Fungi, members of the kingdoms Chromista, Fungi s. str. and Protozoa studied by
mycologists, have received scant consideration in discussions on biodiversity. The number …

The serial endosymbiosis theory is a favored model for explaining the origin of mitochondria,
a defining event in the evolution of eukaryotic cells. As usually described, this theory posits …

Giardia lamblia is a common cause of diarrhea in humans and other mammals throughout
the world. It can be distinguished from other Giardia species by light or electron microscopy …

From comparative analyses of the nucleotide sequences of genes encoding ribosomal
RNAs and several proteins, molecular phylogeneticists have constructed a “universal tree of …

In nearly all eukaryotes, at least some individuals inherit mitochondrial and chloroplast
genes from only one parent. There is no single mechanism of uniparental inheritance …