Radiation therapy (RT) is a curative treatment for many malignancies and provides effective
palliation in patients with tumor‐related symptoms. However, the biophysical effects of RT …

Methotrexate, a structural analogue of folic acid, is one of the most effective and extensively
used drugs for treating many kinds of cancer or severe and resistant forms of autoimmune …

Primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare form of extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma that is
typically confined to the brain, eyes, and cerebrospinal fluid without evidence of systemic …

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare extranodal lymphomatous
malignancy that affects the brain, spinal cord, leptomeninges, or vitreoretinal space, without …

Background Standard treatment for patients with primary CNS lymphoma remains to be
defined. Active therapies are often associated with increased risk of haematological or …

Summary Background The International Extranodal Lymphoma Study Group-32 (IELSG32)
trial is an international randomised phase 2 study that addresses two key clinical questions …

PURPOSE To determine the efficacy and toxicity of chemoimmunotherapy followed by either
whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) or intensive chemotherapy and autologous stem-cell …

The management of primary CNS lymphoma is one of the most controversial topics in neuro-
oncology because of the complexity of the disease and the very few controlled studies …

The management of primary central nervous system (PCNSL) is one of the most
controversial topics in neuro-oncology because of the complexity of the disease and the …

Background The prognosis for primary CNS lymphoma has improved with the use of high-
dose methotrexate-based chemotherapy, but patient outcomes remain poor. Rituximab, a …