The conquest of freshwater and terrestrial habitats was a key event during vertebrate
evolution. Occupation of low-salinity and dry environments required significant …

The anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract of fishes follows the same basic plan as in other
vertebrates with a degree of variation reflected in phylogeny and ontogeny, diet, and …

Data are presented about the presence of serum albumins in fish of different classes and
orders inhabiting different ecological conditions, about structure of typical albumins and …

Fishes are the first vertebrates, descendents of the early chordates* that evolved from
marine, deuterostome invertebrates. The extant lancelets and tunicates both marine and …

Background Vasopressin and oxytocin are mammalian neurohypophysial hormones with
distinct functions. Vasopressin is involved mainly in osmoregulation and oxytocin is involved …

The neurohypophysial peptides of the vasopressin (VP) and oxytocin (OT) families regulate
salt and water homeostasis and reproduction through distinct G protein-coupled receptors …

Ureotelic elasmobranchs require nitrogen for both protein growth and urea-based
osmoregulation, and therefore are probably nitrogen-limited in nature. Mechanisms exist for …

For adaptation to high-salinity marine environments, cartilaginous fishes (sharks, skates,
rays, and chimaeras) adopt a unique urea-based osmoregulation strategy. Their kidneys …

As fisheries shift towards ecosystem-based management, the need to reduce impacts on by-
catch has been increasingly recognised. In this study the catch composition, discard rate …

The present study has examined the role of the colon in regulating ammonia and urea
nitrogen balance in two species of chondrichthyans, the ratfish, Hydrolagus colliei (a …