Kidney stones (also known as urinary stones or nephrolithiasis) are highly prevalent,
affecting approximately 10% of adults worldwide, and the incidence of stone disease is …

CLC anion transporters are found in all phyla and form a gene family of eight members in
mammals. Two CLC proteins, each of which completely contains an ion translocation …

Abstract Magnesium (Mg 2+) is an essential ion to the human body, playing an instrumental
role in supporting and sustaining health and life. As the second most abundant intracellular …

The study of the complexation of anions, from its beginnings in the late 1960s and 1970s,(1-
3) has moved on from being an area solely of academic interest to a fundamental pillar of …

Hypertension is available at http://hyper. ahajournals. org DOI: 10.1161/HYP.
0000000000000047 e8 Hypertension September 2016 distributed trait. Therefore, defining …

The primary causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children differ from those of CKD in
adults. In the USA the most common diagnostic groups of renal disease that manifest before …

Cardiovascular disease encompasses a range of conditions extending from myocardial
infarction to congenital heart disease, most of which are heritable. Enormous effort has been …

Hypertension, or elevated arterial blood pressure, is a been operationally defined as the
blood pressure level substantial public health problem, affecting 25% of the above which …

Daily dietary potassium (K+) intake may be as large as the extracellular K+ pool. To avoid
acute hyperkalemia, rapid removal of K+ from the extracellular space is essential. This is …

Cl− channels reside both in the plasma membrane and in intracellular organelles. Their
functions range from ion homeostasis to cell volume regulation, transepithelial transport, and …