Natural spa springs are diffused all over the world and their use in pools is known since
ancient times. This review underlines the cultural and social spa context focusing on …

Summary Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) in libraries is influenced by the presence of specific factors
which can impact on both paper storage as well as people health. Microclimatic conditions …

The development of rapid and sensitive methods for the detection and quantification of
Legionella viable cells is essential for monitoring water quality and preventing legionellosis …

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a molecule dissolved in many thermal spring waters at variable
concentration. The H2S effects of thermal waters treatments have long been studied, for …

Background Reprocessing of endoscopes is key to preventing cross-infection after
colonoscopy. Culture-based methods are recommended for monitoring, but alternative and …

Previous studies have shown that mismanaged swimming pools could transmit water-borne
diseases. The objective of the present study was the quality assessment of chemical …

Remote‐controlled robotic systems are being used for analysis of various types of analytes
in hostile environment including those called extraterrestrial. The aim of our study was to …

Background Appropriate sanitation procedures and monitoring of their actual efficacy
represent critical points for improving hygiene and reducing the risk of healthcare …

Microbial monitoring in marine recreational waterways often overlooks environmental
variables associated with pathogen occurrence. This study employs a predictive boosted …

Natural swimming ponds (NSPs) are a new type of recreational water facility characterized
by the substitution of traditional disinfection with biodepuration. While this feature meets …