Cadmium is an environmental pollutant known as endocrine disruptor. Testis is particularly
susceptible to cadmium, and testis injury occurs at high but even low levels of exposure …

The transient receptor potential (TRP) superfamily consists of a large number of cation
channels that are mostly permeable to both monovalent and divalent cations. The 28 …

BACKGROUND Mitochondria are multitasking organelles involved in ATP synthesis,
reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, calcium signalling and apoptosis; and …

Intracellular Ca 2+ stores play a central role in the regulation of cellular [Ca 2+] i and the
generation of complex [Ca 2+] signals such as oscillations and waves. Ca 2+ signalling is of …

The calcium channel antagonists are a mature group of drugs directed at cardiovascular
diseases including hypertension, angina, peripheral vascular disorders and some …

Fertilization is the process by which haploid gametes, sperm and egg, unite to produce a
genetically distinct individual. Interest in this area has exploded in recent years. Here are …

Calcium is an essential ion which regulates sperm motility, capacitation and the acrosome
reaction (AR), three processes necessary for successful fertilization. The AR enables the …

The acrosome reaction is a secretory event that must be completed by the sperm of many
animal species prior to fusion with eggs. In mammals, exocytosis in triggered by ZP3, a …

Sperm chemotaxis is a chemical guiding mechanism that may orient spermatozoa to the egg
surface. A picomolar concentration gradient of Progesterone (P), the main steroidal …

Introduction 3.[Ca2+] i regulation in mammalian sperm: the sperm's Ca2+-signalling toolkit
3.1 Ca2+ handling at the plasma membrane–Ca2+ channels and pumps 3.2 Intracellular …