Railway track systems contain nested variability, consisting of various configurable elements
interacting in a configurable environment. Current test strategies rely on integration tests that …

Model-based testing (MBT) has been previously used to validate embedded systems.
However,(i) creation of a model conforming to the behavioural aspects of an embedded …

Software product line engineering emerged as an effective approach for the development of
families of software‐intensive systems in several industries. Although its use has been …

In the system development of modern railroad vehicles, engineers frequently use a plethora
of diverse notations to specify various systems, subsystems, and their associated concerns …

One of the most critical ICT application domains is healthcare, where a single failure can
lead a patient into a hazardous situation. Due to this, there'sa great necessity to ensure that …

With its ability to operate at high speeds and capacity, high-speed rail offers a fast,
dependable, and ecofriendly urban transportation option. Safety-critical systems such as …

Live testing is performed in the production environment ideally without causing
unacceptable disturbance to the production traffic. Thus, test activities have to be …

The rapid development, updating, and maintenance of industrial software systems have
increased the necessity for software artifact testing. Some medium and large industries are …

Healthcare is one of the fields that has the most impact in the well-being of the population
and a single failure in one of their systems may cause harm to a patient or even kill him. Due …

The EAST-ADL is an Architecture Description Language for automotive embedded systems.
It offers a comprehensive modelling solution for an integrated system, addressing diverse …