Health-care-associated infections are the most prevalent adverse events of hospital care,
posing a substantial threat to patient safety and burden on society. Hand hygiene with …

The purpose of this document is to highlight practical recommendations to assist acute-care
hospitals in prioritization and implementation of strategies to prevent healthcare-associated …

Although substantial improvements in hand hygiene practices have occurred in recent
years, many health care facilities continue to encounter challenges in achieving and …

BACKGROUNDHand hygiene is the core element of infection prevention and control. The
optimal hand-hygiene gesture, however, remains poorly defined. OBJECTIVEWe aimed to …

Background The effectiveness of hand rubbing with alcohol-based handrub (ABHR) is
impacted by several factors. To investigate these, World Health Organization (WHO) …

Background Current hand hygiene guidelines do not provide recommendations on a
specific volume for the clinical hand rubbing procedure. According to recent studies volume …

Background Recent studies put under scrutiny the prevailing hand hygiene guidelines,
which incorporate quantitative parameters regarding handrub volume and hand size …

Background Manufacturers' recommended dosages for alcohol-based hand rubs are
typically determined by measuring product efficacy using a model protocol such as EN 1500; …

Highlights•One milliliter handrub is not sufficient for effective hand hygiene.•Three milliliter
handrub cover small hands on both sides palms and dorsums.•Three milliliter handrub cover …

Hands are implicated in the cross transmission of microbial pathogens and fingertips are the
crux of the problem. A modified World Health Organization “How to Handrub” 6-step …