Palmitic acid is a saturated fatty acid whose blood concentration is elevated in obese
patients. This causes inflammatory responses, where toll-like receptors (TLR), TLR2 and …

It has recently been recognized that cellular stresses activate certain members of the
mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) superfamily. One role of these “stress-activated” …

The critical cell signals that trigger cardiac hypertrophy and regulate the transition to heart
failure are not known. To determine the role of Gαq-mediated signaling pathways in these …

Diet-induced hypercholesterolemia leads to oxidative/nitrative stress and subsequent
myocardial dysfunction. However, the regulatory role of microRNAs in this phenomenon is …

Considerable controversy surrounds the role of protein kinase C (PKC) in ischemic
preconditioning (PC). Previous studies have used pharmacological agents and/or measured …

Maximally effective concentrations of endothelin-1 (ET-1), acidic FGF (aFGF), or 12-O-
tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) activated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) …

Significance: In heart failure (HF), contractile dysfunction and arrhythmias result from
disturbed intracellular Ca handling. Activated stress kinases like cAMP-dependent protein …

The present study investigated whether protein kinase C (PKC) plays a role in ischemic
preconditioning in the rat heart. Chelerythrine, a specific antagonist of PKC, and 1, 2 …

Catecholamines have been implicated in the phenomenon of ischemic preconditioning. We
have previously demonstrated that ischemic preconditioning against postischemic …

Heart failure (HF) is a physiological state in which cardiac output is insufficient to meet the
needs of the body. It is a clinical syndrome characterized by impaired ability of the left …