Abstract Facial Action Coding System is the most influential sign judgment method for facial
behavior, and it is a comprehensive and anatomical system which could encode various …

Feature extraction is vital for face recognition. In this paper, we focus on the general feature
extraction framework for robust face recognition. We collect about 300 papers regarding face …

Local feature descriptor is an important module for face recognition and those like Gabor
and local binary patterns (LBP) have proven effective face descriptors. Traditionally, the form …

Automatic facial expression recognition has many potential applications in different areas of
human computer interaction. However, they are not yet fully realized due to the lack of an …

This chapter provides an in-depth description of the LBP operator in spatial image domain.
The generic LBP operator, and its rotation-invariant and multiscale versions are introduced …

This paper presents a simple and novel, yet highly effective approach for robust face
recognition. Using LBP-like descriptors based on local accumulated pixel differences …

This paper presents a novel local feature descriptor, the Local Directional Pattern (LDP), for
describing local image feature. A LDP feature is obtained by computing the edge response …

Iris recognition is well suited to authentication on mobile devices, due to its intrinsic security
and non-intrusiveness. However, authentication systems can be easily tricked by attacks …

In the era of massive data production through the internet and social media, the volume of
images generated is immense. Storing and retrieving relevant images efficiently pose …

Automated human emotion detection is a topic of significant interest in the field of computer
vision. Over the past decade, much emphasis has been on using facial expression …