The C. elegans insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) pathway connects nutrient levels to metabolism,
growth, development, longevity, and behavior. This fundamental pathway is regulated by …

How animals establish and pattern the primary body axis is one of the most fundamental
problems in biology. Data from diverse deuterostomes (frog, fish, mouse, and amphioxus) …

Planarian flatworms can regenerate heads at anterior-facing wounds and tails at posterior-
facing wounds throughout the body. How this regeneration polarity is specified has been a …

One of the early surprises in the study of cell adhesion was the discovery that β-catenin
plays dual roles, serving as an essential component of cadherin-based cell–cell adherens …

Polarity establishment, asymmetric division, and acquisition of cell fates are critical steps
during earlydevelopment. In this review, we discuss processes that set up the embryonic …

Development in multicellular organisms requires the organized generation of differences. A
universal mechanism for creating such differences is asymmetric cell division. In plants, as in …

Thirty years after the identification of WNTs, understanding of their signal transduction
pathways continues to expand. Here, we review recent advances in characterizing the Wnt …

The orientation of asymmetric cell division contributes to the organization of cells within a
tissue or organ. For example, mirror-image symmetry of the C. elegans vulva is achieved by …

The nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans has produced a wellspring of insights into
mechanisms that govern cellular symmetry breaking during animal development. Here we …

β-Catenins are conserved regulators of metazoan development that function with TCF DNA-
binding proteins to activate transcription. In Caenorhabditis elegans, SYS-1/β-catenin and …