Lithium is considered to be the most important energy metal of the 21st century. Because of
the development trend of global electrification, the consumption of lithium has increased …

Spodumene is the main source of lithium among the lithium-containing minerals. A number
of studies have been done on the extraction of lithium from naturally occurring α-spodumene …

Lithium slag is an industrial by-product obtained after lithium extraction from spodumene
ore. The higher concentration of sulfate ions (SO 4− 2) in the form of gypsum/anhydrite …

Due to the increasing demand for battery raw materials such as cobalt, nickel, manganese,
and lithium, the extraction of these metals not only from primary, but also from secondary …

Roasting is often required to convert sulfidic minerals into their sulfate and/or oxide forms
with the aim to increase the extractability of targeted metals. In this study, sulfidic tailings of …

Among lithium minerals, spodumene contains the highest value of lithium, and therefore
developing new or improving existing processes for extracting lithium from spodumene can …

The key to the lithium extraction from α-spodumene is destroying the crystal structure. The
conventional commercial process requires high-temperature calcination to transform α …

Li, known as a crucial new energy metal, has received explosive attention. Spodumene and
lepidolite are abundant in Li and are usually associated with Rb, and their strategic position …

In recent years, several methods have been reported to extract lithium (Li) from spodumene.
However, the majority of them still require the transformation of the naturally occurring …

This review adds to the public domain literature on the extraction of lithium from mineral
ores. The focus is on the pyrometallurgical pre-treatment of spodumene. Information on the …