Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) are the consequence of a breach in immune tolerance,
leading to the inability to sufficiently differentiate between self and non-self. Immune …

About two decades ago, cloning of the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene materialized one
of the most important actors on the scene of self-tolerance. Thymic transcription of genes …

Twenty years ago, the autoimmune regulator (Aire) gene was associated with autoimmune
polyendocrinopathy–candidiasis–ectodermal dystrophy, and was cloned and sequenced. Its …

Thymic epithelial cells are indispensable for T cell maturation and selection and the
induction of central immune tolerance. The self-peptide repertoire expressed by medullary …

The intricate balance of immune reactions towards invading pathogens and immune
tolerance towards self is pivotal in preventing autoimmune diseases, with the thymus playing …

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease in which immune-mediated targeting and
destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic islet β cells leads to chronic hyperglycemia …

Abstract Background Endogenous retroelements (EREs) constitute about 42% of the human
genome and have been implicated in common human diseases such as autoimmunity and …

Interactions of developing T cells with Aire+ medullary thymic epithelial cells expressing
high levels of MHCII molecules (mTEC hi) are critical for the induction of central tolerance in …

A common feature seen in acute infections is a severe atrophy of the thymus. This occurs in
the murine model of acute Chagas disease. Moreover, in thymuses from Trypanosoma cruzi …

Intrathymic T-cell differentiation is a key process for the development and maintenance of
cell-mediated immunity, and occurs concomitantly to highly regulated migratory events. We …