Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that triggers the
expression of inflammatory molecules, including other cytokines and cell adhesion …

The fact that certain tumors exhibit a predilection for metastasis to specific organs has been
recognized for well over a century now. An extensive body of clinical data and experimental …

Acclaimed by the worldwide medical community as" a staple reference text in the medical
oncologist's library"(JAMA), DeVita, Hellman, and Rosenberg's Cancer: Principles and …

Cell adhesion molecules play a significant role in cancer progression and metastasis. Cell‐
cell interactions of cancer cells with endothelium determine the metastatic spread. In …

Formation of distant metastases is by far the most common cause of cancer-related deaths.
The process of metastasis formation is complex, and within this complex process the …

The glutathione (GSH) content of cancer cells is particularly relevant in regulating mutagenic
mechanisms, DNA synthesis, growth, and multidrug and radiation resistance. In malignant …

Vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 (VCAM‐1) first attracted attention more than two
decades ago as endothelial adhesion receptor with key function for leukocyte recruitment in …

The process of cancer metastasis is sequential and selective and contains stochastic
elements. The growth of metastases represents the endpoint of many lethal events that few …

The clinical successes of targeting angiogenesis provide a basis for trials of interleukin-1 (IL-
1) blockade and particularly anti-IL-1β as an add-on therapy in human metastatic disease. In …

Proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1 β and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), promote
cancer cell adhesion and liver metastases by up-regulating the expression of vascular cell …