Objectives This study aimed to reveal the association between single-nucleotide
polymorphism of NTN1 and subtypes of non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate …

The identification of clinical patterns of tooth agenesis in individuals born with craniofacial
deformities may be a useful tool for risk determination of these defects. We hypothesize that …

Objectives Non‐syndromic cleft lip with or without palate is one of the most common birth
malformations. TP63 and GREM1 were recently reported to be associated with NSCL/P …

Objective Genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) found NTN1, NOG and the region
between CREBBP and ADCY9 were risks to non‐syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft …

Background GWAS discoveries on the X-chromosome are underrepresented in the literature
primarily because the analytical tools that have been applied were originally designed for …

Objective: Nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or cleft palate (NSCL/P) is an isolated phenotype of
orofacial clefts with skewed sex ratio in prevalence. This study aims to identify differentially …

Introduction: Hypospadias is a congenital abnormality of the penis, in which there is
incomplete development of the distal urethra. There are numerous reports showing an …

Background: Although both the mother's and father's alleles are present in the offspring, they
may not operate at the same level. These parent-of-origin (PoO) effects have not yet been …

Non‐syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) is a complex disorder, and it
results from both of the genetic modifiers and environmental factors, with genetic modifiers …

Increased susceptibility to cleft lip, with or without cleft palate (CL±P) has been observed in
South America, as related to Amerindian ancestry, using epidemiological data, uniparental …