BACKGROUND In humans, normal healthy children are regularly produced through
fertilization of fresh oocytes with fresh spermatozoa. However, asynchrony between oocytes …

Mammals usually produce approximately equal numbers of sons and daughters, but there
are exceptions to this general rule, as has been observed in ruminant ungulate species …

Contents Despite major efforts directed at improving the yield of blastocysts from immature
oocytes in vitro, the quality of such blastocysts continually lags behind that of blastocysts …

The present review aims to analyse (i) the molecular, biochemical and cellular changes that
accompany oocyte and sperm ageing in any of the internal or external environments where …

In adult tissues, sexual dimorphism is largely attributed to sex hormone effects, although
there is increasing evidence for a major role of sex chromosome dosage. During …

The potentially unbalanced expression at preimplantation developmental stages of X‐linked
genes might be responsible of the faster development of male than female embryos in vitro …

Although acceptable rates of blastocyst formation are achieved with in vitro production of
bovine embryos, several problems still compromise the subsequent development of the …

Sex manipulation technologies allow predetermination of the sex of animal offspring by
altering the normal reproductive process. In livestock production, the difference in type and …

Sex preselection of livestock offspring in cattle represents, nowadays, a big potential for
genetic improvement and market demand satisfaction. Sperm sorting by flow cytometer …

Contents Abnormalities of development potential arising from pre‐implantation environment
are not limited to in vitro culture (IVC)(for, ie in ruminants the large offspring syndrome …