Retinal ganglion cells, the neurons that die in glaucoma, are endowed with a high
metabolism requiring optimal provision of oxygen and nutrients to sustain their activity. The …

COVID-19 is characterized by hyperactivation by inflammatory cytokines and recruitment of
macrophages, neutrophils, and other immune cells, all hallmarks of a strong inflammatory …

Background Cognitive deficits are among the main disabling symptoms in COVID-19
patients and post-COVID syndrome (PCS). Within brain regions, the hippocampus, a key …

Abstract Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is a respiratory illness caused by severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 pathogenesis causes …

Background As a consequence of SARS-CoV-2 infection various neurocognitive and
neuropsychiatric symptoms can appear, which may persist for several months post infection …

Background Knowledge of the entry receptors responsible for SARS-CoV-2 is key to
understand the neural transmission and pathogenesis of COVID-19 characterized by a …

Successful neuroprotection is only possible with contemporary microvascular protection.
The prevention of disease-induced vascular modifications that accelerate brain damage …

Abstract Purpose of Review Though patient studies have been important for understanding
the disease, research done in animals and cell culture complement our knowledge from …

The brain is an energetically demanding tissue which, to function adequately, requires
constant fine tuning of its supporting blood flow, and hence energy supply. Whilst blood flow …

Over 10% of COVID-19 convalescents report post-COVID-19 complications, namely,'long
COVID'or 'post-COVID syndrome,'including a number of neuro-psychiatric symptoms. The …