From the clinical standpoint, systemic sclerosis (SSc) is characterized by skin and internal
organ fibrosis, diffuse fibroproliferative vascular modifications, and autoimmunity. Clinical …

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare multisystem autoimmune disease, characterized by
fibrosis, vasculopathy, and autoimmunity. Recent advances have highlighted the significant …

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease with a poor prognosis. To date, the
pathogenesis of SSc is still unclear; moreover, its pathological conditions include …

T follicular helper (Tfh) cells with the phenotype of mainly expressing surface molecules
CXC motif chemokine receptor type 5 (CXCR5), inducible co-stimulator (ICOS), secreting …

The pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and
other forms of interstitial lung disease, involves a complex interplay of various factors …

Abstract Elevated interleukin (IL)-21 is a common finding in the tissues and/or sera of
patients with autoimmune disease. CD4 T cells are the primary producers of IL-21; often the …

Objectives Although T cells have been implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis
(SSc), a comprehensive study of T-cell-mediated immune responses in the affected skin of …

Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is one of the major causes of late mortality after
allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Moderate-to-severe cGVHD is associated …

T Follicular helper (Tfh) cells, a unique subset of CD4+ T cells, play an essential role in B
cell development and the formation of germinal centers (GCs). Tfh differentiation depends …

Objectives To investigate the immune cell profiles of patients with systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE), and to identify longitudinal changes in those profiles over time …