The capacity of organisms to change their sex has evolved independently in several plant
and animal lineages. Sex change has been widely studied, but research approaches have …

Separate sexes have evolved on numerous independent occasions from hermaphroditic
ancestors in flowering plants. The mechanisms of sex determination is known for only a …

Sexual selection may contribute to the evolution of plant sexual dimorphism by favoring
architectural traits in males that improve pollen dispersal to mates. In both sexes, larger …

Species with environmental sex determination (ESD) have persisted through deep time,
despite massive environmental perturbation in the geological record. Understanding how …

The Charnov‐Bull hypothesis is the leading explanation for the evolution of environmental
sex determination (ESD), which includes temperature‐dependent sex determination (TSD) …

Premise Hybridization is a key process in plant speciation. Despite its importance, there is
no detailed study of hybridization rates in fern populations. A proper estimate of …

In vitro culture techniques represent an excellent tool for enabling our mind to understand
those processes occurring along the life cycle of plants and also for realising successful …

Premise Apomixis and hybridization are two essential and complementary factors in the
evolution of plants, including ferns. Hybridization combines characteristics from different …

Gametophytes of the fern Ceratopteris richardii develop into either hermaphrodites or males.
As hermaphrodites develop, they secrete antheridiogen, or ACE, into the environment …

Few pteridophytes have proven the capacity to accumulate and remediate heavy metals
from contaminated soils. Pityrogramma calomelanos, a non-seasonal fast-growing, a …