Buildings use approximately 48% of global energy each year in their construction and
operation as embodied and operating energy. The embodied energy is used directly …

Green retrofit is an effective way of improving the performance of existing buildings to
achieve low energy consumption and low carbon emission. To realize a successful building …

In recent years, ąuantitative multicriteria methods have been widely used for comparative
evaluation of complicated technological and social-economic processes, as well as for …

A green building material (GBM) is an ecological, health-promoting, recycled, or high-
performance building material that impacts the material selection to cover all three pillars …

One of the largest threats to future development is climate change. Apparently, the building
sector has been the largest source of greenhouse gas production. One prospective solution …

Green retrofit in existing buildings is of great significance in achieving a sustainable
environment. Various policies have been introduced around the world to promote building …

The building industry has an undeniable impact on the natural environment. Evidence
shows that existing buildings make a significant contribution to energy demand and CO 2 …

The renovation of old buildings provides an important approach to energy saving and
emission reduction with low economic costs. The current important issue remains how to …

Over the past few decades, cities have been subjected to severe social and economic
pressures, which have had a disproportionate impact on the urban environment …

Green retrofit of aged residential buildings offers an alternative solution to reduce global
energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. The promotion of green retrofit and the …