The word “elective” refers to medications and procedures undertaken by choice or with a
lower grade of prioritization. Patients usually use elective medications or undergo elective …

In this report the use of eye cosmetic products and procedures and how this represents a
lifestyle challenge that may exacerbate or promote the development of ocular surface and …

Dry eye disease (DED) is a leading cause of ophthalmology clinical encounters with
prevalence ranging from 8.7% to 64% in various populations. Blinking is an endogenous …

Background Scars exposed on the body surface lead to a large psychological burden on
patients. However, no satisfactory scar treatments exist. Botulinum toxin type A is a …

The popularity and variety of temporary and permanent periocular aesthetic treatments has
increased over the past decade. Patients frequently present to eye clinics with ocular …

Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial disease affecting 5% to 50% in different
populations. The most severe cases of DED are often caused by aqueous deficient dry eye …

The aim of this study was to investigate changes in the tear film lipid layer thickness (LLT)
and aqueous tear production after botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT) injection in patients with …

Purpose To determine the effects of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) injection on dry eye
signs, symptoms, and tear cytokine levels in patients with intractable dry eye disease (DED) …

Better understanding of the mechanism of BTX-A action in the treatment of the growing
applications in ophthalmology helps provide relatively noninvasive solutions for patients …

Dry eye disease (DED) is a common multifactorial disease affecting a substantial proportion
of the population worldwide. Objective tests and subjective symptoms evaluation are …