The field of stress physiology has rapidly expanded, particularly in those fields interested in
identifying chronic stress in wild animals. Despite this expansion, stress remains difficult to …

Fasting is a component of many species' life history due to environmental factors or
behavioral patterns that limit access to food. Despite metabolic and physiological challenges …

Telomeres are DNA structures that protect chromosome ends. However, telomeres shorten
during cell replication and at critically low lengths can reduce cell replicative potential …

Prenatal effects on telomere length are increasingly recognized as a potential contributor to
the developmental origin of health and adult disease. While it is becoming clear that …

Natural-derived peptides are effective substances in attenuating oxidative stress. However,
their specific mechanisms have not been fully elucidated, especially in peptide-mediated …

Most multicellular organisms require apoptosis, or programmed cell death, to function
properly and survive. On the other hand, morphological and biochemical characteristics of …

Social interactions are a ubiquitous feature of the lives of vertebrate species. These may be
cooperative or competitive, and shape the dynamics of social systems, with profound effects …

Background Progressive loss of cell functionality caused by an age-related impairment in
cell metabolism concerns not only mature specialized cells but also its progenitors, which …

Climate change is threatening biodiversity world-wide. One of its most prominent
manifestations are rising global temperatures and higher frequencies of heat waves. High …

Metabolic rate is a key ecological variable that quantifies the energy expenditure needed to
fuel almost all biological processes in an organism. Metabolic rates are typically measured …