Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a central player in fibrotic disease. Clinical trials with
global inhibitors of TGF-β have been disappointing, suggesting that a more targeted …

Diabetes-related complications are a significant source of morbidity and mortality worldwide.
Diabetic kidney disease is a frequent microvascular complication and a primary cause of …

Background The podocyte is a remarkable cell type, which encases the capillaries of the
kidney glomerulus. Although mesodermal in origin it sends out axonal like projections that …

In diabetic nephropathy (DN), glomerular endothelial cells (GECs) and podocytes undergo
pathological alterations, which are influenced by metabolic changes characteristic of …

Thrombospondin 1 (TSP1) is a matricellular extracellular matrix protein that has diverse
roles in regulating cellular processes important for the pathogenesis of fibrotic diseases. We …

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is characterized by a plethora of signaling abnormalities that
together ultimately result in the clinical and pathologic hallmarks of DN, namely progressive …

Hyperglycemia and deriving from glomerular hypertension mechanical stress are the key
factors underlying pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Multiple direct and secondary …

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is key in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.
Thrombospondin 1 (TSP1) expression is increased in diabetes, and TSP1 regulates latent …

Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is characterized by podocyte damage and
increased phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) activity-exacerbating nitric oxide (NO)-cyclic 3 …

Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is an important cause of renal dysfunction and the most common
cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Diabetic nephropathy is also associated with an …