This paper reviews current knowledge on sources, spread and removal mechanisms of
antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in microbial communities of wastewaters, treatment …

The intensive use of antibiotics for human, veterinary and agricultural purposes, results in
their continuous release into the environment. Together with antibiotics, antibiotic-resistant …

Waste water and waste water treatment plants can act as reservoirs and environmental
suppliers of antibiotic resistance. They have also been proposed to be hotspots for …

Background There is concern that the microbially rich activated sludge environment of
wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) may contribute to the dissemination of antibiotic …

Plasmids are mobile genetics elements that play an important role in the environmental
adaptation of microorganisms. Although plasmids are usually analyzed in cultured …

Abstract Background Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are recognized as hotspots for
horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Despite our …

Composting is widely used for recycling of urban sewage sludge to improve soil properties,
which represents a potential pathway of spreading antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes to …

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) have emerged in
aquatic environments through the discharge of large amounts of antibiotics into wastewater …

The high frequency of antibiotic resistance is a global public health concern. More seriously,
widespread metal pressure in the environment may facilitate the proliferation of antibiotic …

Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are emerging contaminants posing a potential worldwide
human health risk. Intensive animal husbandry is believed to be a major contributor to the …