Reverse osmosis (RO) membranes are widely employed due to their inherent advantage of
achieving excellent water permeation rates and high salt rejection. However, fouling is a …

Reverse Osmosis (RO) is becoming increasingly popular for seawater desalination and
wastewater reclamation. However, fouling of the membranes adversely impacts the overall …

Understanding of magnetic field (MF) effects observed during and after its action on water
and aqueous solutions is still a controversial issue although the effects have been reported …

Scale deposits in water systems often result in ample technical and economic problems.
Conventional chemical treatments for scale control are expensive and may cause health …

Scaling and biofouling are two major problems in the operation of reverse osmosis (RO)
membranes. A variety of control measures are employed in practice, including the use of …

Carbonate scale is one of the main problems in hot water systems, and therefore, interest in
this subject has grown since 2000s. Water treatments, based on magnetic and …

This study investigated the effectiveness and mechanisms of electromagnetic field (EMF) on
reverse osmosis (RO) membrane scaling control during brackish groundwater desalination …

Water parks often use chlorine for water disinfection despite its ineffectiveness and health
risks. This research explored the efficacy of combining electromagnetic treatment (EMT) with …

Enormous attention has been attracted by Ni 3 S 2 with various microstructures and
excellent properties. In this work, a solvothermal reaction was adopted to fabricate 1D Ni 3 S …

This work investigated the effect of magnesium ion concentration on the formation of mineral
scale in circulating cooling water under alternating electric field treatment (AEFT) by using a …