Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) refers to a gamut of disorders that are characterized by
chronic intestinal inflammation, including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) …

Ethnopharmacological relevance Baicalin (BI) is an important biologically active flavonoid
isolated from the root of Scutellaria radix (Huang Qin). Traditionally Scutellaria radix was the …

Objectives In patients with IBD experiencing an immune-mediated loss of response (LOR) to
antitumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF), algorithms recommend a switch of anti-TNF without …

Background: About a third of patients with inflammatory bowel disease do not respond to
anti-tumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy, which is challenging. Aim: To review the …

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) management has changed dramatically over the past 20
years, after the introduction of targeted biological therapies. However, the impact of these …

Crohn's disease (CD) is a relapsing and progressive condition characterized by diarrhea,
abdominal pain, weight loss, and hematochezia that results in serious complications such as …

The COVID-19 pandemic has raised considerable concerns that patients with inflammatory
bowel disease (IBD), particularly those treated with immunosuppressive therapies, may …

The use of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors is a new approach in the therapy of inflammatory
diseases with immune base. Tofacitinib is one of these inhibitors targeting JAK1 and JAK3 …

Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) antagonists, the first biologics approved for treating patients
with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), are effective for the induction and maintenance of …

In the 1990s, tumour necrosis factor-α inhibitor therapy ushered in the biologic therapy era
for inflammatory bowel disease, leading to marked improvements in treatment options and …