Background: An ENDO-European Reference Network (ERN) initiative was launched that
was endorsed by the European Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and the European …

Autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD) is the most frequent cause of acquired thyroid
dysfunction, most commonly presenting either as Hashimoto's thyroiditis or Graves' Disease …

Aim To review multiorgan involvement and management in children with Down syndrome
(DS). Methods A literature review of articles from 1980 to 2019 using the MEDLINE interface …

Endocrine manifestations of Down syndrome : Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes
and Obesity Endocrine manifestations of Down syndrome : Current Opinion in …

Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs), including Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and Graves'
disease (GD), are the most common cause of acquired thyroid disorder during childhood …

Mild hypothyroidism, also known as subclinical hypothyroidism (SH), is biochemically
defined as serum TSH levels above the upper limit of the reference range, in the presence of …

Background: Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) are at an increased risk of developing
thyroid disease, primarily autoimmune, with a lifetime prevalence ranging from 13% to 63 …

Thyroid peroxidase (TPO) is an enzyme that participates in thyroid hormone biosynthesis.
TPO is also a major autoantigen in autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD). In this review, we …

Thyroid dysfunction stands as the most prevalent endocrine disorder in individuals with
Down syndrome, particularly showcasing both clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism. TSH …

Down Syndrome (DS) is a chromosomal abnormality associated with a spectrum of cognitive
and physical disabilities. Children with DS are exposed to both lower and excess body …