Understanding Sectarianism successfully accomplishes its important purpose of replacing
the unhelpful term 'Sectarianism'with more restrictive and descriptive terms like 'sectarian …

This article argues that ethno-sectarian exclusion undermined the post-invasion attempts at
security sector reform (SSR) in Iraq by the US and successive local governments. While …

The decaying of the Iraq state created a vacuum that is being filled by militias that are not
vying to overthrow the government but are supporting the state without inheriting its …

Understanding the role of al-Hashd al-Shaabi in Iraq’s national and transnational political field
Page 6 5 Challenges to the Middle East North Africa Inclusionary State Understanding the role …

This article focuses on the case of post-2003 Iraq to chart the evolution of the politics of sect
between 2003 and 2018 particularly with reference to Sunni and Shi'a identity categories …

Iraq's 2017 victory over the Islamic State (IS) ushered in a period of political gridlock and
electoral violence. Rather than demilitarising to compete in elections, pro-government …

On 10 October 2020, days before a 13-year United Nations (UN) arms embargo on Iran was
due to be lifted, a senior commander in Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) …

Along with Iraqi security forces, pro-government militias, known as Popular Mobilisation
Forces (PMF, also “Hashd al-Shaabi” in Arabic), played a significant role in defeating ISIS …

Completing this work required support from various individuals, and I am deeply indebted to
many people whose support, assistance, and encouragement brought this book to fruition. I …

This chapter discusses the creation, evolution and role of the Hashd al-Sha 'bi, Iraq's state-
sponsored paramilitary organisation known as the Popular Mobilisation Units (PMU). Once …