Within the myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) work package of the European LeukemiaNet,
an Expert Panel was selected according to the framework elements of the National Institutes …

The definition 'iron loading anaemias' encompasses a group of inherited and acquired
anaemias characterized by ineffective erythropoiesis, low hepcidin levels, excessive iron …

Patients with β-thalassemia major (TM) and other refractory anemias requiring regular blood
transfusions accumulate iron that damages the liver, endocrine system, and most importantly …

Iron overload and iron toxicity, whether because of increased absorption or iron loading from
repeated transfusions, can be major causes of morbidity and mortality in a number of chronic …

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are clonal
hematopoietic stem cell diseases leading to an insufficient formation of functional blood …

Iron homeostatic mechanisms are key to the pathophysiology of transfusional iron overload
(TIO). In humans, these mechanisms are best adapted to increasing iron acquisition in …

Iron overload (IOL) starts to develop in MDS patients before they become transfusion-
dependent because ineffective erythropoiesis suppresses hepcidin production in the liver …

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) are a group of heterogeneous clonal bone marrow
disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis, peripheral blood cytopenias, and …

Background Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are malignant stem-cell diseases that are
usually diagnosed in elderly patients who present with anemia or, less commonly, bi-or …

When first defined 50 years ago, sideroblastic anemia (SA) was already recognized to occur
in heterogeneous settings, including as familial or acquired disease. 1 The spectrum of SA …