The gas diffusion layer (GDL) plays a key role on reactant gas diffusion and water
management in proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells. This paper reviews recent …

Recent advances in visualization technologies are providing new discoveries as well as
answering old questions with respect to the phase structure and flow of hydrogen-rich fluids …

This publication reports a design optimization study of all-vanadium redox flow batteries
(VRBs), including performance testing, distributed current measurements, and flow …

In this work, electrochemical performance and parasitic losses are combined in an overall
system-level efficiency metric for a high performance, all-vanadium redox flow battery. It was …

In-depth understanding of the dynamics of water formation, accumulation and removal is
important for flow-field design optimization to ensure robust performance and durability of …

Worldwide, intense industrial and agricultural activities pose serious issues of land
contamination. Soil microbial fuel cells (SMFCs) have great potential as a low-cost, and self …

An enthalpy-based multi-component multiphase flow model is established by using the
lattice Boltzmann method (LBM), and the ice melting and liquid water flow behavior during …

Systematic variations of current density and asymmetric relative humidity are realized on
differential Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells (PEFCs). The water distribution is visualized and …

Gas purging has been a common and favorable strategy to improve the cold-start possibility
of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). In the present study, water removal …

Purging a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) with dry N2 to remove water in
the catalyst layer and the membrane during shutdown is necessary for ensuring successful …