Mitochondria are best known for their role in the generation of ATP by aerobic respiration.
Yet, research in the past half century has shown that they perform a much larger suite of …

Abstract Iron-sulfur (Fe/S) proteins are present in virtually all living organisms and are
involved in numerous cellular processes such as respiration, photosynthesis, metabolic …

The presence of mitochondria and related organelles in every studied eukaryote supports
the view that mitochondria are essential cellular components. Here, we report the genome …

Highlights•Endosymbiotic theory explains why organelles resemble free-living
bacteria.•Gene trees are well-suited to testing endosymbiotic theory, but not to replacing …

Pelomyxa is a genus of anaerobic amoebae that live in consortia with multiple prokaryotic
endosymbionts. Although the symbionts represent a large fraction of the cellular biomass …

Across the diversity of life, organisms have evolved different strategies to thrive in hypoxic
environments, and microbial eukaryotes (protists) are no exception. Protists that experience …

The realization that prokaryotes naturally and frequently disperse genes across steep
taxonomic boundaries via lateral gene transfer (LGT) gave wings to the idea that eukaryotes …

Discoveries of diverse microbial eukaryotes and their inclusion in comprehensive
phylogenomic analyses have crucially re-shaped the eukaryotic tree of life in the 21st …

Background Sperm selection strategies aimed at improving success rates of
intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) include binding to hyaluronic acid (herein termed …

Operons are a hallmark of bacterial genomes, where they allow concerted expression of
functionally related genes as single polycistronic transcripts. They are rare in eukaryotes …