Social plasticity, defined as the ability to adaptively change the expression of social behavior
according to previous experience and to social context, is a key ecological performance trait …

One of the most notorious examples of cooperation between different species happens in
the cleaner-client fish mutualism. The best known cleaner fish species, the bluestreak Indo …

In humans, physical stimulation, such as massage therapy, reduces stress and has
demonstrable health benefits. Grooming in primates may have similar effects but it remains …

Coral reef ecosystems are declining worldwide and under foreseeable threat due to climate
change, resulting in significant changes in reef communities. It is unknown, however, how …

Market-like situations emerge in nature when trading partners exchange goods and
services. However, how partner choice option contributes to the expression of social …

Identifying critical aggregation sites and behavioral patterns of imperiled species contributes
to filling knowledge gaps essential for their conservation. Manta rays present a prominent …

Cleaning behaviour is considered to be a classical example of mutualism. However, no
studies, to our knowledge, have measured the benefits to clients in terms of growth. In the …

On coral reef systems,'client'fishes combat relentless ectoparasitic infections by engaging in
frequent mutualistic interactions with various 'cleaner'organisms. Clients are known to adjust …

Cleaning organisms play a fundamental ecological role by removing ectoparasites and
infected tissue from client surfaces. We used the well-studied cleaning mutualisms involving …

Cleaning symbiosis of the bluestreak cleaner wrasse, Labroides dimidiatus (Labridae), is a
well-known example of mutualism in coral reefs. The cleaner wrasse is characterized by its …