The varied effects of recent extreme weather events around the world exemplify the uneven
impacts of climate change on populations, even within relatively small geographic regions …

Science and technology are embedded in virtually every aspect of modern life. As a result,
people face an increasing need to integrate information from science with their personal …

Strategies to mitigate global climate change should be grounded in a rigorous
understanding of energy systems, particularly the factors that drive energy demand. Agent …

Humanity faces a triple threat of climate change, biodiversity loss, and global food insecurity.
In response, increasing the general adaptive capacity of farming systems is essential. We …

Adaptation readiness is proposed as a complimentary concept to adaptive capacity that
captures the strength and existence of governance structures and policy processes which …

Effective science communication requires assembling scientists with knowledge relevant to
decision makers, translating that knowledge into useful terms, establishing trusted two-way …

Crop and livestock farmers must respond to climate change, including a range of physical
and cultural impacts and risks. In rural northern California, farmers face extreme drought and …

Executive summary The land challenges, in the context of this report, are climate change
mitigation, adaptation, desertification, land degradation, and food security. The chapter also …

Climate services have advanced significantly, evolving from primarily supply-side, top-down,
one-size-fits-all approaches to a recognition of the need to support a unique and evolving …

The concentration of people, infrastructure, and ecosystem services in urban areas make
them prime sites for climate change adaptation. While advances have been made in the …