Five important trends have emerged from recent work on computational models of focal
visual attention that emphasize the bottom-up, image-based control of attentional …

Abstract “Subitizing,” the process of enumeration when there are fewer than 4 items, is rapid
(40–100 ms/item), effortless, and accurate.“Counting,” the process of enumeration when …

Most models of visual search, whether involving overt eye movements or covert shifts of
attention, are based on the concept of a saliency map, that is, an explicit two-dimensional …

Surprising as it may seem, research shows that we rarely see what we are looking at unless
our attention is directed to it. This phenomenon can have serious life-and-death …

Event‐related brain potentials (ERPs) were recorded from normal young adults during visual
search tasks in which the stimulus arrays contained either eight identical items …

Research on attention has evolved dramatically in recent years. There are now many new
ways of studying how we are able to select some aspects for processing, whilst ignoring …

Summary In Shakespeare's Henry IV Part 1, the Scottish rebel, the Earl of Douglas, engages
in a visual search task. He is searching for King Henry in a field full of soldiers who are not …

In a typical visual search experiment, observers look through a set of items for a designated
target that may or may not be present. Reaction time (RT) is measured as a function of the …

This review examines recent advances in the study of brain correlates of consciousness.
First, we briefly discuss some useful distinctions between consciousness and other brain …

Perceptual learning is a lifelong process. We begin by encoding information about the basic
structure of the natural world and continue to assimilate information about specific patterns …