This paper reports on a systematic review and meta-analysis of disproportionate minority
contact in the juvenile justice system. A total of 79 independent samples were analyzed from …

The current study provides a systematic review of 107 studies. Studies were drawn from
academic journals, reports, and edited books from January 2001 to December 2014. The …

Abstract “Focal concerns” is the predominant theoretical framework in criminology for
explaining disparities in sentencing outcomes. While the framework has generated a large …

The American juvenile justice system is characterized by the overrepresentation of youth of
color that is particularly acute for Black children even at young ages. Despite policy solutions …

Objectives: Drawing on focal concerns theory, as well as scholarship on the juvenile court's
mandate to consider youth culpability and amenability to treatment, we develop hypotheses …

The current study examined the role of race in juvenile court outcomes across 3 decision-
making stages. This analysis was conducted with a random sample of all delinquent …

Black and male youths are overrepresented at every stage of juvenile justice processing.
The current study investigated racial, gender, and age disparities in the probability of a …

To reduce disproportionate minority contact (DMC) in their juvenile justice systems, policy
makers must alter decision-making processes through policy interventions. Effective DMC …

Objectives To test the cumulative disadvantage hypothesis—that system-level racial and
ethnic disparities accumulate from intake to final disposition—by investigating relative and …

The intersectionality perspective suggests that the treatment of females and minority youth
may be based on one's social location in terms of oppression and privilege. Applying this …