Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of morbidity and disability, with a
considerable socioeconomic burden. Heterogeneity of pathoanatomical subtypes and …

Cerebral edema (CE) and resultant intracranial hypertension are associated with
unfavorable prognosis in traumatic brain injury (TBI). CE is a leading cause of in-hospital …

Chronic subdural haematoma (CSDH) is an encapsulated collection of blood and fluid on
the surface of the brain. Historically considered a result of head trauma, recent evidence …

Microglia have a variety of functions in the brain, including synaptic pruning, CNS repair and
mediating the immune response against peripheral infection. Microglia rapidly become …

Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) account for the majority of injury-related deaths in the United
States with roughly two million TBIs occurring annually. Due to the spectrum of severity and …

As the primary protective barrier for neurons in the brain, the blood–brain barrier (BBB)
exists between the blood microcirculation system and the brain parenchyma. The normal …

Military psychiatry, a new subcategory of psychiatry, has become an invaluable, intangible
effect of the war. In this review, we begin by examining related military research …

Currently there are no potential curative therapies that can improve the central nervous
system (CNS) regeneration after traumatic injuries or diseases. Indeed, the regeneration of …

The brain extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a crucial role in both the developing and adult
brain by providing structural support and mediating cell‐cell interactions. In this review, we …

The neurovascular unit (NVU) is a relatively recent concept that clearly describes the
relationship between brain cells and their blood vessels. The components of the NVU …