In spite of the global outcry for urgent action against air pollution, most African countries lack
functional air quality monitoring stations and data there from; making air quality …

The aim of this study was to determine the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons (PAHs) bound to particulate matter (PM) in the indoor air of waterpipe cafés of …

This research characterized the concentrations of heavy metals in indoor air of waterpipe
(WP) cafés. Fifty of the 236 WP cafés in Ardabil city, Iran were randomly selected and air …

Objectives To quantify by meta-analysis the relationship between waterpipe smoking and
cancer, including cancer of the head and neck, esophagus, stomach, lung and bladder …

Introduction The prevalence of waterpipe tobacco smoking is increasing globally.
Biomarkers of waterpipe tobacco smoke (WTS) exposure are less studied. Aims and …

Tobacco use and exposure to tobacco smoke remain major but avoidable causes of
premature mortality and disease worldwide. Although the age-standardized prevalence of …

Objectives A water pipe (hookah) is a tobacco smoking tool which is thought to be more
harmless than a cigarette, and there are no adequate studies about its hazards to health …

Introduction Few studies have comprehensively characterized toxic chemicals related to
waterpipe use and secondhand waterpipe exposure. This cross-sectional study investigated …

Background Most smoke-free legislation to reduce secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure
exempts waterpipe (hookah) smoking venues. Few studies have examined SHS exposure in …

Background Waterpipe tobacco smoking has grown in popularity worldwide, with the
prevalence of use increasing in Spain from 6.2% to 10.8% in the last decade, despite the …