In the present article, the basic research using the mismatch negativity (MMN) and
analogous results obtained by using the magnetoencephalography (MEG) and other brain …

Which aspects of language and cognitive processing take place irrespective of whether
subjects focus their attention on incoming stimuli and are, in this sense, automatic? The …

Predictive coding theories posit that the perceptual system is structured as a hierarchically
organized set of generative models with increasingly general models at higher levels. The …

Unexpected stimuli are often able to distract us away from a task at hand. The present study
seeks to explore some of the mechanisms underpinning this phenomenon. Studies of …

Foreign-language learning is a prime example of a task that entails perceptual learning. The
correct comprehension of foreign-language speech requires the correct recognition of …

Unexpected auditory stimuli are potent distractors, able to break through selective attention
and disrupt performance in an unrelated visual task. This study examined the processing …

Mismatch negativity (MMN) is the electrophysiological change-detection response of the
brain. MMN is stimulated when there is any discernible change to a repetitive sequence of …

Memory traces for words are frequently conceptualized neurobiologically as networks of
neurons interconnected via reciprocal links developed through associative learning in the …

The present functional magnetic resonance imaging study examined the neural response to
familiar and unfamiliar, sport and non-sport environmental sounds in expert and novice …

Infant directed speech (IDS), the speech register adults use when talking to infants, has
been shown to have positive effects on attracting infants' attention, language learning, and …