Since the 19th century, devices termed incubators were developed to maintain thermal
stability in low birth weight (LBW) and sick newborns, thus improving their chances of …

Background: Neonatal incubators are important tools for sick newborns in the first few days
of life. Nevertheless, their electric engine, often very close to the newborn's body, emits …

Background: Low vagal tone (VT) is a marker of vulnerability to stress and the risk of
developing necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants. Electric fields produced by equipment …

The aims of this study were to characterize electromagnetic fields of radiofrequency (RF-
EMF) levels generated in a Neonatal Medium Care Unit and to analyze RF-EMF levels …

Preterm neonates constitute a vulnerable population that is highly sensitive to its
environment. Given the increased use of wireless communication devices (mobile and …

The EU has issued Directive 2004/40/EC on the protection of workers from health and safety
risks arising from exposure to electromagnetic fields in the workplace. This directive must be …

Background Numerous electronic devices have been introduced into operating rooms.
Although little is known about the relationship between exposure to electromagnetic fields …

Objective In this study, we conducted a numerical analysis of exposure to electromagnetic
fields (EMFs) in a hospital's intensive care unit that is one of the most crucial one in terms of …

Introduction Operating rooms in hospitals are facilitated with different types of electronic
systems, which produce electromagnetic waves. High intensities of magnetic waves may …

It has been proposed that chronic exposure to extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic
fields (MF) in occupational environments could represent a risk factor for a number of …