The striatum is essential for learning which actions lead to reward and for implementing
those actions. Decades of experimental and theoretical work have led to several influential …

Striatal cholinergic interneurons (ChIs) are central for the processing and reinforcement of
reward‐related behaviors that are negatively affected in states of altered dopamine …

Information flow in neurons proceeds by integrating inputs in dendrites, generating action
potentials near the soma, and releasing neurotransmitters from nerve terminals in the axon …

The ventral tegmental area (VTA) and nucleus accumbens (NAc) are essential for learning
about environmental stimuli associated with motivationally relevant outcomes. The task of …

The basal ganglia are involved in sensorimotor functions and action selection, both of which
require the integration of sensory information. In order to determine how such sensory inputs …

Corticostriatal regulation of striatal dopamine (DA) transmission has long been postulated,
but ionotropic glutamate receptors have not been localized directly to DA axons. Striatal …

Interplay between dopaminergic and cholinergic neuromodulation in the striatum is crucial
for movement control, with prominent models proposing pro-kinetic and anti-kinetic effects of …

Plasticity at synapses between the cortex and striatum is considered critical for learning
novel actions. However, investigations of spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) at these …

Cholinergic interneurons are key components of striatal microcircuits. In primates, tonically
active neurons (putative cholinergic interneurons) exhibit multiphasic responses to …

The tonically active neurons (TANs) are a population of neurons scattered sparsely
throughout the striatum that show intriguing patterns of firing activity during reinforcement …