Microbial communities are spatially organized in both the environment and the human body.
Although patterns exhibited by these communities are described by microbial biogeography …

Bacterial biofilms can cause medical problems and issues in technical systems. While a
large body of knowledge exists on the phenotypes of planktonic and of sessile cells in …

In traditional models of in vitro biofilm development, individual bacterial cells seed a surface,
multiply, and mature into multicellular, three-dimensional structures. Much research has …

Biofilms are communities of microbes embedded in a matrix of extracellular polymeric
substances, largely polysaccharides. Multiple types of extracellular polymeric substances …

For the past 150 years, bacteria have been investigated primarily in liquid batch cultures.
Contrary to most expectations, these cultures are not homogeneous mixtures of single-cell …

Bacterial communities form biofilms on a wide range of surfaces by synthesizing a cohesive
and protective extracellular matrix. The morphology, internal structure and mechanical …

Bacterial biofilms are a major cause of delayed wound healing. Consequently, the study of
wound biofilms, particularly in host-relevant conditions, has gained importance. Most in vitro …

Biofilms are communities of bacteria embedded in a polymeric matrix which are found in
infections and in environments outside the body. Breaking down the matrix renders biofilms …

Clinical trials have demonstrated the benefits of ibuprofen therapy in cystic fibrosis (CF)
patients, an effect that is currently attributed to ibuprofen's anti-inflammatory properties. Yet …

Some bacterial species form biofilms in suboptimal growth and environmental conditions.
Biofilm structures allow the cells not only to optimize growth with nutrient availability but also …