The APOBEC family of single-stranded DNA cytosine deaminases comprises a formidable
arm of the vertebrate innate immune system. Pre-vertebrates express a single APOBEC …

To replicate in their hosts, viruses have to navigate the complexities of the mammalian cell,
co-opting mechanisms of cellular physiology while defeating restriction factors that are …

Successful intracellular pathogens must evade or neutralize the innate immune defenses of
their host cells and render the cellular environment permissive for replication. For example …

Cellular proteins called" restriction factors" can serve as powerful blockades to HIV
replication, but the virus possesses elaborate strategies to circumvent these barriers. First …

Cytosine mutations within TCA/T motifs are common in cancer. A likely cause is the DNA
cytosine deaminase APOBEC3B (A3B). However, A3B-null breast tumours still have this …

The apolipoprotein B messenger RNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like (APOBEC)
family of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) cytosine deaminases provides innate immunity …

Humans have seven APOBEC3 DNA cytosine deaminases. The activity of these enzymes
allows them to restrict a variety of retroviruses and retrotransposons, but may also cause pro …

The human apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide–like 3 (APOBEC3,
referred to as A3) proteins are cellular cytidine deaminases that potently restrict retrovirus …

Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV) cause a multisystemic chronic disease affecting animal
production and welfare. SRLV infections are spread across the world with the exception of …

Abstract Human APOBEC3 (A3) cytidine deaminases are antiviral factors that are
particularly potent against retroviruses. As a countermeasure, HIV-1 uses a viral infectivity …