BACKGROUND The best-known role of spermatozoa is to fertilize the oocyte and to transmit
the paternal genome to offspring. These highly specialized cells have a unique structure …

The natural transfer of DNA from mitochondria to the nucleus generates nuclear copies of
mitochondrial DNA (numts) and is an ongoing evolutionary process, as genome sequences …

Infertility is defined as a failure to conceive in a couple trying to reproduce for a period of two
years without conception. Approximately 15 percent of couples are infertile, and among …

The genetic bases and molecular mechanisms involved in the assembly and function of the
flagellum components as well as in the regulation of the flagellar movement are not fully …

Sperm pathology is presented as the discipline of characterizing structural and functional
deficiencies in abnormal spermatozoa. This concept complements that of sperm morphology …

Background The assisted reproductive techniques aimed to assist infertile couples have
their own offspring carry significant risks of passing on molecular defects to next …

Mitochondria and its role in male reproduction has remained an enigma since long.
Similarly, etiology of male infertility in a large percentage of individuals, mainly primary …

Infertility affects about 15 per cent married couples half of which may be attributed to men
with low sperm motility (asthenozoospermia), low sperm count (oligozoospermia) or …

Physiological function of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been known since a long, but
recently toxic effects of ROS on spermatozoa have gained much importance in male …

Androgens mediate their functions through androgen receptors (AR). The two triplet repeats
in the AR gene (CAG and GGN) are highly polymorphic among various populations and …