There are inconsistent reports regarding behavioral sex differences in the human navigation
literature. This meta-analysis quantifies the overall magnitude of sex differences in large …

There are two research traditions on dynamic memory processes. In cognitive psychology,
the malleable nature of long-term memory has been extensively documented. Distortions …

Associative reinforcement provides a powerful explanation of learned behavior. However,
an unproven but long-held conjecture holds that spatial learning can occur incidentally …

The purpose of this article is to review and evaluate the range of theories proposed to
explain findings on the use of geometry in reorientation. We consider five key approaches …

In 2007, Cheng and colleagues published their influential review wherein they analyzed the
literature on spatial cue interaction during navigation through a Bayesian lens, and …

Performance in the Morris water maze has been widely used in routine behavioural studies
of rodents. Since the advent of computer-based virtual environments, adaptations of the …

It is frequently claimed that the human mind is organized in a modular fashion, a hypothesis
linked historically, though not inevitably, to the claim that many aspects of the human mind …

Since the proposal of Tolman (1948) that mammals form maplike representations of familiar
environments, cognitive map theory has been at the core of debates on the fundamental …

Over the past two decades, much research has been conducted to investigate whether
humans are optimal when integrating sensory cues during spatial memory and navigational …

Considerable evidence indicates that males navigate large-scale space better than females,
and some have previously attributed this difference to a greater ability of males to select or …