Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most common diseases in the central nervous
system (CNS) with high mortality and morbidity. Patients with TBI usually suffer many …

There is a great clinical need to identify the underlying mechanisms, as well as related
biomarkers, and treatment targets, for traumatic brain injury (TBI). Neuroinflammation is a …

Inflammation is an organism's biological defense mechanism. Acute and chronic
inflammation of the body triggers the production of pro-and anti-inflammatory pathways that …

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) induces instant activation of innate immunity in brain tissue,
followed by a systematization of the inflammatory response. The subsequent response …

Repetitive, mild traumatic brain injuries (RmTBIs) are increasingly common in adolescents
and encompass one of the largest neurological health concerns in the world. Adolescence is …

Neuroinflammation is a central pathological feature of several acute and chronic brain
diseases, including Alzheimer disease (AD), Parkinson disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral …

Purpose This systematic review evaluated the clinical utility of single photon emission
computed tomography (SPECT) in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods After defining a …

Mild traumatic brain injury (mild TBI), often referred to as concussion, is the most common
form of TBI and affects millions of people each year. A history of mild TBI increases the risk of …

Sport concussion affects millions of athletes each year at all levels of sport. Increasing
evidence demonstrates clinical and physiological recovery are becoming more divergent …

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) involves damage to the cerebrovascular system. Vascular
endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) is an important modulator of vascular health and VEGF …