Background Repair of anterior skull base cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks, encephaloceles,
and meningoceles can prevent meningitis, intracranial abscess, and pneumocephalus …

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The sphenoid sinus is rarely implicated as a site of
spontaneous CSF fistula. We undertook this study to evaluate the potential etiopathogenesis …

A 35-year-old female complained of right-sided watery nasal discharge persisting for 2
weeks. Neuroimaging investigations revealed a defect in the lateral side of middle cranial …

Objective To determine whether obesity is a potential risk factor of primary spontaneous
cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea (CSFR). Design Retrospective study. Setting University …

Temporosphenoidal encephalocele (TSE) is a rare entity caused by herniation of the
anteromedial temporal lobe into the sphenoid sinus (SS) through a middle fossa (MF) defect …

This case report describes the symptoms and clinical course of a 35-year-old female patient
who was diagnosed with a temporo-sphenoidal encephalocele. It is characterized by …

A 57-year old man was referred to our hospital with spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
rhinorrhoea of 6 years duration. He had an episode of meningitis 2 months previously. CT …

Background Morning glory disc anomaly (MGDA) is a rare developmental abnormality of the
optic disc that is associated with many other neurological and vascular conditions. Most …

Anteromedial temporosphenoidal encephalocele is the least common type of temporal
encephalocele. It commonly presents with spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea in …

Antero-medial temporo-sphenoidal encephaloceles are rarest type of basal encephaloceles
with bony defects in lateral sphenoid, and are termed as spontaneous when they occur in …