Background: Regional anesthesia is known to prevent or attenuate the surgical stress
response; thus, inhibiting surgical stress by paravertebral anesthesia might attenuate …

With concurrent global epidemics of chronic pain and opioid use disorders, there is a critical
need to identify, target and manipulate specific cell populations expressing the mu-opioid …

It has now been demonstrated that the μ, δ1, δ2, and κ1 opioid receptor (OR) agonists
represent the most promising group of opioids for the creation of drugs enhancing cardiac …

This paper is the thirty-third consecutive installment of the annual review of research
concerning the endogenous opioid system. It summarizes papers published during 2010 …

Background Experimental data suggest that postoperative analgesia in general and opioids
in particular may affect the risk of metastases after primary cancer surgery. Perioperative …

Aims The objective of this study was to examine the involvement of endogenous opioid
peptides and opioid receptor (OR) subtypes in the cardioprotective effect of adaptation to …

Functional evidence suggests that the stimulation of peripheral and central opioid receptors
(ORs) is able to modulate heart function. Moreover, selective stimulation of either cardiac or …

Nociceptin/orphanin FQ peptide (NOP) receptor is a new class of opioid receptor that may
play a pathophysiologic role in anxiety and drug abuse and is a potential therapeutic target …

Background A role of nociceptin and its receptor (NOP) in pain and immune function has
been suggested. The hypothesis was that mRNA expression of NOP and the nociceptin …

Abstract Background and Purpose Opioid analgesics can alleviate ischaemia/reperfusion
(I/R) injury in chronic heart failure. However, the underlying mechanisms and targets remain …